Linux 101 : "Root" space, filesystem checking - mkfs.ext4, fsck.ext4, tune2fs -
We could do that using the "-m" parameter with the "mkfs.ext4" command.
Remark:
The default space dedicated to the "privileged" files is "5%".
We can reserve "10%" of the filesystem to the "privileged" space using the below command:
Remark:
We could either use "mkfs -t ext4" or "mkfs.ext4"
The "fsck.ext4" command:
The "fsck.ext4" command is used to check the "ext4" filesystems and to correct the errors.
We could use it as below:
We can see that since the "/dev/sdb1" partition is mounted, we can't check it.
Since our partition is mounted on the "/mnt" directory, we unmount it first using the below command:
Then we could check it using the below command:
In case the partition has issues, it is better to use the "fsck.ext4" command with the "-y" parameter to be able to interact with the command by answering its questions:
The "tune2fs" command:
To change the parameters of a filesystem, we could use the "tune2fs" command.
For example, we could change the percentage allocated to the "root" files, that was set in the above example to "10%", by using the below command:
We change the percentage to "1%".
We could also use "tune2fs" to label a filesystem using the "-L" parameter.
Then we could use the label instead of the partition name "/dev/sdb1" for example with the "mount" command.
We could give our partition "/dev/sdb1" the label "my-partition" for example:
This avoid confusing the system when adding a new hard drives, since the labels don't change when we add new drives as opposed to the partition names which could change from "/dev/sdb" to "/dev/sdc" causing errors.
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